Dermatologist’s Guide to Dandruff Control Uro-Derm Urology & Skin Clinic Why dandruff occurs ✓ Excess scalp oil ✓ Malassezia yeast ✓ Scalp sensitivity ✓ Not simply dryness Control dandruff Use antifungal shampoos containing: ✓ Ketoconazole ✓ Zinc pyrithione ✓ Selenium sulfide ✓ Ciclopirox ✓ Piroctone olamine ✓ Use 2–3 times weekly during dandruff ✓ Maintenance: once weekly Correct shampoo method ✓ Apply on scalp ✓ Massage gently ✓ Leave 3–5 minutes ✓ Rinse Prevent hair dryness ✓ Conditioner on mid-lengths and ends ✓ Light oil on hair lengths before wash ✓ Avoid hot water After washing: ✓ Hair serum on lengths and ends only ✓ Avoid scalp ✓ 1–2 drops sufficient Common mistakes ✓ Oiling dandruff scalp ✓ Conditioner on scalp ✓ Serum on scalp ✓ Stopping shampoo early ✓ Not leaving shampoo long enough Maintenance ✓ Dandruff has recurrence tendency ✓ Continue antifungal shampoo weekly Consult dermatologist if ✓ Red scalp ✓ Severe itching ✓ Eyebrow or beard flakes ✓ Hair fall with dandruff